The Law of Nations or the Principles of Natural Law (1758)Emmerich de Vattel Of Securitles Given for the Observance of Treaties§ 235. Guaranty.§ 236. It gives the guarantee no right to interfere unasked in the execution of a treaty.§ 237. Nature of the obligation it imposes.§ 238. The guaranty cannot impair the rights of a third party.§ 239. Duration of the guaranty.§ 240. Treaties with surety.§ 241. Pawns, securities, and mortgages.§ 242. A nation's right over what she holds as a pledge.§ 243. How she is obliged to restore it.§ 244. How she may appropriate it to herself.§ 245. Hostages.§ 246. What right we have over hostages.§ 247. Their liberty alone is pledged.§ 248. When they are to be sent back.§ 249. Whether they may be detained on any other account.§ 250. They may be detained for their own actions.§ 251. Of the support of hostages.§ 252. A subject cannot refuse to be a hostage.§ 253. Rank of the hostages.§ 254. They ought not to make their escape.§ 255. Whether a hostage who dies is to be replaced.§ 256. Of him who takes the place of a hostage.§ 257. A hostage succeeding to the crown.§ 258. The liability of the hostage ends with the treaty.§ 259. The violation of the treaty is an injury done to the hostages. § 260. The fate of the hostage when he who has given him fails in his § 261. Of the right founded on custom.
     1.    Jura negat sibi nata, nihil non arrogat armis. — Horat
     2.    History of the Revolutions of Sweden.
     3.    Grotius. lib. iii. cap. xx. § 55. — Wolfius, Jus Gent. § 503.
     4.    Tschudi. vol. i. p 421.
     5.    Et Romani pignus pacis ex fœdere resituerunt. Tit. Liv. lib. ii. cap. xiii.
     6.    Tit. Liv. lib. xxviii. cap. xxxiv.
     7.    See Grotius, lib. iii. cap. xi. § 18, not. 2.