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Home - LONANG Library - Hugo Grotius - Law of War and Peace
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BOOK 2, CHAPTER 11On PromisesI. Refutation of the opinion that by the law of nature a right does not arise from promises.II. That bare assertion does not create a binding obligation.III. That by the law of nature a promise is binding, but that no legal right is thereby gained by another.IV. What the kind of promise is by which a second party acquires a legal right.V. That for a perfect promise the possession of reason on the part of the promisor is requisite; herein the law of nature is distinguished from the civil statutes in regard to minors.VI. Whether a promise given under a misapprehension is by the law of nature binding, and to what extent.VII. That a promise made under the influence of fear is binding, but that the person who caused the fear is under obligation to secure the release of the promisor.VIII. That, in order that a promise may be valid, that which is promised ought to be within the power of the promisor.IX. Whether by the law of nature a promise to do an illegal act is binding; explanation, with a distinction.X. What should be thought of a promise made to obtain a thing which was already due before the promise.XI. The method of making a firm and binding promise in person.XII. The method of making a binding promise through the agency of others; also concerning ambassadors who exceed their powers.XIII. To what extent obligations incurred through the agency of ship-captains and through business agents arise from the law of nature; wherein also an error of the Roman law is pointed out.XIV. That the acceptance of a promise is necessary to make it binding.XV. Whether an acceptance ought to be made known to the promisor; explanation, with a distinction.XVI. That a promise can be revoked if the one to whom it was made died before accepting it.XVII. Whether a promise is revoked on the death of an intermediary; explanation, with distinctions.XVIII. Whether a promise is revocable after acceptance by a proxy; explanation, with distinctions.XIX. At what time a burdensome condition can be added to a promise.XX. How an invalid promise can be made binding.XXI. That promises without cause are not void by the law of nature.XXII. To what degree a person who has promised an act of another is bound by the law of nature. |
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